Musculoskeletal Articles

Meniscal Gymnastics: Common and Uncommon Locations of Meniscal Flip and Flop
Fodor DW et al. - The majority of knee magnetic resonance imaging examinations are performed for meniscal evaluations. Displaced meniscal tears including free meniscal fragments are an important diagnosis as most of these tears are unstable and require surgical intervention. Magnetic resonance imaging can be an invaluable tool in the arthroscopic search for a free meniscal fragment [more...]

Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology, 01/22/08 Free Full Text

Bone union of painful bipartite patella after treatment with low-intensity pulsed ultrasound
Kumahashia N et al. - We report two cases of painful bipartite patella in which bone union was achieved after treatment with low-intensity pulsed ultrasound. Both patients were 13-year-old males. Each received ultrasound (SAFHS®, EXOGEN) for 20 min a day. The interval between the onset of pain and ultrasound treatment was between 2 and 4 months [more...]

The Knee, 01/22/08 Free Full Text

Cryoablation in the Musculoskeletal System
Ullrick SR et al. - A discussion on the many advantages and relatively few disadvantages of this exciting new technique is then put forth. Percutaneous cryoablation is beginning to emerge as a useful method of image-guided ablation of musculoskeletal metastases. As data continue to mount on this exciting application of new technology, image-guided cryoablation of musculoskeletal metastases appears to hold much promise in the treatment of pain related to these lesions [more...]

Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology, 01/18/08

Intraosseous ganglion of the phalanx
Arabori M et al. - Intraosseous ganglions occurring in the hand are rare. Most reported cases involve the lunate or the scaphoid. This report presents a very extremely rare case of intraosseous ganglion arising in the middle phalanx of an index finger. Multi-modality imaging features using plane radiograph, CT, and MRI of this ganglion are presented for the first time [more...]

Clinical Imaging, 01/17/08

The Swimmer's view - Does it really show what it is supposed to show?
Rethnam U et al. - Clearing the cervical spine prior to removing triple immobilisation is essential in a trauma patient. This needs adequate visualisation from C1 to C7/T1 junction. In our study Swimmer's views did not satisfactorily provide adequate visualisation of the cervical spine in trauma patients. We recommend screening the cervical spine by a CT scan when the cervical spine lateral radiographs and Swimmer's views are inadequate [more...]

BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 01/16/08

Calcific tendinitis of the longus colli: Diagnosis by CT
Omezzine SJ et al. - Calcific retropharyngeal tendinitis is an under-recognized cause of acute cervical pain produced by inflammation of the longus colli muscle. Although the clinical presentation may mimic more serious disorders, the diagnosis can be established radiographically by identification of prevertebral soft-tissue calcification and swelling [more...]

Joint, Bone, Spine, 01/15/08

F-18 FDG PET and PET/CT Evaluation of Response to Chemotherapy in Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcomas
Iagaru A et al. - The pathologically determined degree of necrosis postneoadjuvant chemotherapy was concordant with PET-assessed EORTC classification of response in 57.1% of the cases. However, a significant number of patients had discrepancies, which may be in part explained by chemotherapy-induced inflammation. The latter should be considered during post-therapy PET interpretation in OSTS [more...]

Clinical Nuclear Medicine , 01/14/08

Skeletal PET with 18F-Fluoride: Applying New Technology to an Old Tracer
Grant FD et al. - Although 18F-labeled NaF and 99mTc-diphosphonate have a similar patient dosimetry, 18F-fluoride PET offers shorter study times (typically less than 1 h), resulting in a more efficient workflow, improved patient convenience, and faster turnarounds of reports to the referring physicians. With the widespread availability of PET scanners and the improved logistics for the delivery of 18F radiopharmaceuticals, prior limitations to the routine use of 18F-fluoride bone imaging have largely been overcome. The favorable imaging performance and the clinical utility of 18F-fluoride PET, compared with 99mTc-diphosphonate scintigraphy, support the reconsideration of 18F-fluoride as a routine bone-imaging agent [more...]

The Journal of Nuclear Medicine, 01/14/08

Vascular Abnormalities as Assessed with CT Angiography in High-Energy Tibial Plafond Fractures
LeBus GF et al. - In more than half of high-energy tibial plafond fractures, CTA identified significant abnormalities to the arterial tree of the distal leg. These injuries most commonly involved the anterior tibial artery and included a variety of lesions. CTA appears to be a safe and potentially useful tool for the assessment and preoperative planning of high-energy tibial plafond fractures [more...]

Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma, 01/14/08

Magnetic resonance imaging of bone marrow in oncology, Part 2
Hwang S et al. - Magnetic resonance imaging plays an integral role in the detection and characterization of marrow lesions, planning for biopsy or surgery, and post-treatment follow-up. To evaluate findings in bone marrow on MR imaging, it is essential to understand the normal composition and distribution of bone marrow and the changes in marrow that occur with age, as well as the basis for the MR signals from marrow and the factors that affect those signals; these points have been reviewed and illustrated in part 1 of this two-part article [more...]

Skeletal Radiology, 01/11/08

Zoledronate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Mandible
Ho L et al. - During the course of treatment, the patient developed osteonecrosis of the jaw secondary to Zoledronate, which was biopsy-proven, for which Zoledronate was discontinued shortly after. Hybrid PET-CT was performed approximately 1 year after the discontinuation of Zoledronate. PET-CT images demonstrated diffuse, intense hypermetabolism in the mandible, consistent with documented osteonecrosis [more...]

Clinical Nuclear Medicine , 01/11/08

Lithotomy Position-Related Rhabdomyolysis of Gluteus Maximus Muscles Demonstrated by Bone Scintigraphy
Lim ST et al. - Major urologic surgery performed in the lithotomy position sometimes results in the serious complications of rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure. A 54-year-old man with prostate cancer (weight, 84 kg; height, 171 cm; body mass index, 28.7) underwent radical perineal prostatectomy in the lithotomy position for 7 hours. On the first postoperative day, the patient complained of numbness and pain of both thighs with oliguria [more...]

Clinical Nuclear Medicine , 01/11/08

Missing data in randomized controlled trials of rheumatoid arthritis with radiographic outcomes
Baron G et al. - To assess the impact, in terms of statistical power and bias of treatment effect, of approaches to dealing with missing data in randomized controlled trials of rheumatoid arthritis with radiographic outcomes...Our simulation study demonstrated multiple imputation, offering the smallest bias in treatment effect and the highest power. These results can help in planning trials, especially in choosing methods of imputation and data analysis [more...]

Arthritis Care and Research , 01/11/08

Baker Cyst as Seen on a PET/CT Scan
Bagga S et al. - We present the case of a 48-year-old woman who had been diagnosed with multiple myeloma a year ago. She had persistent pain in her right knee that she tended to ignore. As part of her follow-up she underwent a PET/CT scan that did not show any metastatic lesions. However, a focal rounded area of FDG uptake behind her right knee showed a fluid density on the CT scan. A presumptive diagnosis of Baker cyst was suggested. Review of her previous MRI report performed at another hospital corroborated this finding [more...]

Clinical Nuclear Medicine , 01/11/08

Compartment Syndrome Caused by Computed Tomography Contrast Infiltration Seen on a Tc-99m Methylene Diphosphonate Bone Scan
Gerard PS et al. - A 72-year-old man was hospitalized for transurethral resection of bladder cancer. Two days after the procedure, the patient continued to have gross hematuria and a computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen and pelvis with intravenous contrast was performed to check the integrity of the resection site. Later that day, the patient underwent technetium-99m methylene diphosphonate (MDP) bone scintigraphy to investigate the possibility of bone metastasis. The bone scan showed no signs of metastasis but did reveal increased uptake of the left hand and forearm on the opposite side of the injection site [more...]

Clinical Nuclear Medicine , 01/11/08

Sacral Nerve Root Neurolymphomatosis Diagnosed on FDG-PET/CT and Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Dong Q et al. - A 67-year-old male with transformed diffuse large B cell lymphoma presented with severe neuropathic-type pain radiating down his posterior right thigh. Initial lumbar radiographs and MRI of the lumbar spine failed to identify a cause for his symptoms. A FDG-PET/CT scan demonstrated increased focal FDG uptake in the right sacral (S2) nerve root. Review of the lumbar spine MRI performed 6 days earlier demonstrated abnormal right S2 nerve root enhancement [more...]

Clinical Nuclear Medicine , 01/11/08

Interobserver Agreement in the Classification of Rotator Cuff Tears Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Spencer EE et al. - Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a standard method of assessing the extent and features of rotator cuff disease, the authors are not aware of any studies that have assessed the interobserver agreement among orthopaedic surgeons reviewing MRI scans for rotator cuff disease...Fellowship-trained, experienced orthopaedic surgeons had good agreement for predicting full-thickness rotator cuff tears and the number of tendons involved and moderate agreement in predicting the involved side of a partial-thickness rotator cuff tear, but poor agreement in predicting the grade of a partial-thickness tear [more...]

American Journal of Sports Medicine, 01/11/08

Assessment of Lower Limb Alignment: Supine Fluoroscopy Compared with a Standing Full-Length Radiograph
Sabharwal S et al. - Intraoperative fluoroscopy with use of the electrocautery cord method is a useful tool for assessing lower limb alignment in patients with a normal body mass index and 2 cm of mechanical axis deviation and 3' of joint line convergence angle on the standing anteroposterior radiograph. However, the results obtained with fluoroscopy should be interpreted with caution in patients who are obese or who have substantial residual mechanical axis deviation or pathologic laxity of the knee joint [more...]

Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 01/11/08

The radiological manifestations of intramuscular haemangiomas in adults
Griffin N et al. - Intramuscular haemangiomas have characteristic appearances on MRI, CT and ultrasound. Long history, presence of fat, calcification and internal vessels should alert the radiologist to this diagnosis prior to biopsy [more...]

Skeletal Radiology, 01/10/08

Bipartite hallucal sesamoid bones: relationship with hallux valgus and metatarsal index
Munuera P et al. - Protrusion and length of the first metatarsal are greater in feet with partite sesamoids than in feet without this condition. A significantly higher incidence of bipartite medial sesamoid was obtained in feet with hallux valgus compared with normal feet [more...]

Skeletal Radiology, 01/10/08

Optimization of b value in diffusion-weighted MRI for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant vertebral fractures
Tang G et al. - When DWI with multiple b values is used to differentiate benign from malignant vertebral compression fractures, b values within the range of around 300 s/mm2 are recommended, taking into account both SNR and diffusion weighting of water molecules [more...]

Skeletal Radiology, 01/10/08

Evaluation of radial-sequence imaging in detecting acetabular labral tears at hip MR arthrography
Yoon L et al. - Using standard imaging planes, 50 anterosuperior, 31 posterosuperior, 10 anteroinferior, and 9 posteroinferior labral tears were detected in 54 MR arthrograms of the hip. Using radial sequences alone, 44 anterosuperior, 25 posterosuperior, 9 anteroinferior, and 5 posteroinferior labral tears were detected. In all four areas of the labrum, the radial imaging did not show any labral tear not seen on standard imaging planes. In MR arthrography of the hip, radial imaging did not reveal any additional labral tears. Standard imaging planes sufficiently demonstrate all acetabular labral tears [more...]

Skeletal Radiology, 01/10/08

Chronic exertional compartment syndrome of the lower extremities: improved screening using a novel dual birdcage coil and in-scanner exercise protocol
Litwiller D et al. - We have developed the first in-scanner MRI exercise protocol for the assessment of patients with suspected CECS. The technique shows high accuracy, sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis in this small cohort of patients with CECS. Further study may allow this non-invasive test to be used as a triage tool for invasive intracompartmental pressure measurements in patients with suspected CECS [more...]

Skeletal Radiology, 01/10/08

Sensitivity and specificity of plain radiographic features of peripheral enthesopathy at major sites in psoriatic arthritis
Helliwell P et al. - Very few subjects with symptomatic heel involvement had radiographic changes and minimal differences were found between those with and without symptoms in terms of new bone formation and erosion at either calcaneal site. New bone formation and erosion at major entheseal sites is most commonly seen in ankylosing spondylitis. Plain radiographic features of major enthesopathy are poor discriminators between psoriatic arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis [more...]

Skeletal Radiology, 01/10/08

Fibrogenesis imperfecta ossium: MR imaging of the axial and appendicular skeleton and correlation with a unique radiographic appearance
Coursey C et al. - We describe a distinctly unusual MR appearance of the cancellous bone never before described in a patient with biopsy-proven fibrogenesis imperfecta ossium [more...]

Skeletal Radiology, 01/10/08

Patellar tilt: The physical examination correlates with MR imaging
Grelsamera RP et al. - Patella malalignment is a recognized cause of knee pain, tilt being one of its more common forms. Although patellar tilt has been described both on the physical examination and on computerized imaging, to date the correlation between the two has not been established [more...]

The Knee, 01/10/08 Free Full Text

Carpal-tarsal osteolysis with elbow involvement
McDonald K et al. - MRI demonstrates morphological abnormalities in the cartilaginous, as well as the osseous components, of the developing carpal and tarsal bones and therefore may be helpful in predating the radiographic changes. Ultrasound appears to contribute little to the diagnosis and may be misleading. Exclusion of other conditions, particularly juvenile idiopathic arthritis, is important in making the diagnosis. MRI can be useful in excluding an inflammatory arthropathy, and suggesting the diagnosis of carpal-tarsal osteolysis [more...]

Skeletal Radiology, 01/09/08

The appearance of Mazabrauds syndrome on 18F-FDG PET/CT
Singnurkar A et al. - Mazabraud's syndrome is a rare disorder, the main characteristics of which are fibrous dysplasia of bone associated with intramuscular myxomas. The metabolic characteristics of intramuscular myxomas, associated with fibrous dysplasia, have not previously been described with 18F-FDG-PET [more...]

Skeletal Radiology, 01/09/08

Prenatal diagnosis of dumbbell neuroblastoma
Delahaye S et al. - A neuroblastoma that develops in the sympathetic nodes can infiltrate the intervertebral foramina and invade the spinal canal, leading to spinal cord and nerve root compression and neurological impairment. Dumbbell neuroblastomas are now considered to be unresectable tumors and preoperative chemotherapy is recommended. We report the prenatal diagnosis of a dumbbell neuroblastoma successfully managed through premature delivery followed by immediate chemotherapy [more...]

Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 01/09/08

Diagnostic Sensitivity and Specificity of Doppler Ultrasound in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Terslev L et al. - To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of Doppler ultrasound (DUS) in diagnosing arthritis in the wrist and hands, and, if possible, to define a cutoff level for our ultrasound measures for inflammation, resistive index (RI), and color fraction...DUS may detect vascularization of the inflamed synovium with a high sensitivity and a moderate specificity with selected cutoff levels [more...]

Journal of Rheumatology, 01/09/08

Ultrasonography of the Elbow
Tran N et al. - Ultrasonography (US) of the elbow is an increasingly utilized modality for a variety of diagnoses. US is advantageous in many cases because of the ability to perform a dynamic examination while obtaining patient feedback. Furthermore, US is cost effective, widely available, and beautifully demonstrates superficial soft tissue structures. Finally, US is an excellent option for patients whose studies are degraded by motion artifact or those with claustrophobia concerns [more...]

Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology, 01/09/08

Osteosarcoma of the lumbosacral spine invading the central venous pathways, right-sided cardiac chambers, and pulmonary artery
Hines N et al. - We report an unusual case of lumbosacral osteogenic sarcoma with cauda equina syndrome and invasion into the central venous and cardiac system. A 41-year-old Hispanic man presented to the emergency department complaining of severe low back pain, cauda equina syndrome, bilateral lower extremity edema, and an extra heart sound on physical examination. CT of the lumbosacral spine done in the emergency department demonstrated a sclerotic lesion in the sacrum with cortical destruction, extension into the spinal canal and a bulky soft tissue mass containing calcifications [more...]

Skeletal Radiology, 01/09/08

Ultrasound of Skeletal Muscle Injury
Koh ESC et al. - Furthermore, the benefits of real-time and Doppler imaging, ability to perform interventional procedures, and relative cost benefits compared with MRI place ultrasound at the forefront for investigation for these injuries in many circumstances. Muscle injury may be divided into acute and chronic pathology, with muscle strain injury the most common clinical problem presenting to sports physicians. This article reviews the spectrum of acute and chronic muscle injuries, with particular attention to clinical features and some common or important muscle strain injuries [more...]

Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology, 01/08/08

Clinical characteristics of polymyalgia rheumatica in Japanese patients: evidence of synovitis and extracapsular inflammatory changes by fat suppression magnetic resonance imaging
Mori S et al. - Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is an inflammatory condition of unknown etiology characterized by diffuse pain and morning stiffness involving neck, shoulder, and pelvic girdles...To avoid making a wrong diagnosis, we should be aware that peripheral synovitis is one of the hallmarks of PMR [more...]

Modern Rheumatology, 01/08/08

Ultrasound of Ankle and Foot: Overuse and Sports Injuries
Khoury V et al. - Sports and overuse injuries of the ankle and foot are commonly encountered in clinical practice. Ultrasound (US) has been established as an excellent diagnostic modality for foot and ankle injuries, providing a rapid noninvasive, economical, and readily available tool that is well tolerated by the patient with acute or chronic pain. The opportunity for dynamic examination is another advantage of US in evaluating ankle and foot pathology, where maneuvers such as muscle contraction and stressing of the joint may be particularly helpful [more...]

Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology, 01/08/08

Ultrasound of the Knee
Lee MJ et al. - Ultrasound of the knee is best suited for the evaluation of tendons, fluid collections and effusion, synovitis, periarticular soft tissue masses, muscles, and the collateral ligaments. Advantages of sonographic evaluation include the lack of ionizing radiation, the noninvasive nature of the examination, focused evaluation correlated with the specific site of pain, multiplanar capability, and utility in patients for whom magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is contraindicated [more...]

Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology, 01/07/08

Hypothenar hammer syndrome: Gray-scale and color Doppler sonographic appearances
Genchellac H et al. - We report a case of hypothenar hammer syndrome following a single severe blunt trauma in a 24-year-old man with a painful pulsatile mass, numbness in the fourth and fifth fingers, and intolerance to cold. The gray-scale and color Doppler sonographic findings are presented with correlation with MRI [more...]

Journal of Clinical Ultrasound, 01/07/08

Clinical and Ultrasonographic Monitoring of Response to Adalimumab Treatment in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Iagnocco A et al. - To evaluate by clinical, laboratory, and sonographic assessment the effects of adalimumab therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) over 24 months of treatment...A positive response to treatment with adalimumab was demonstrated by clinical, laboratory, and US evaluation by both short- and longterm followup [more...]

Journal of Rheumatology, 01/07/08

Revisiting Jaccoud Arthropathy as an Ultrasound Diagnosed Erosive Arthropathy in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Saketkoo LA et al. - Jaccoud arthropathy (JA), now most commonly associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), is widely perceived as a benign joint deformity that is radiographically nonerosive and that confers little if any disability. Advances and accessibility of imaging modalities such as ultrasound (US) are challenging the complacency in perceiving SLE-JA and SLE arthritis as benign processes [more...]

Clinical Rheumatology, 01/07/08

STIR MRI to Direct Muscle Biopsy in Suspected Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathy
Connor A et al. - Successful management of the idiopathic inflammatory myopathies requires an early and accurate diagnosis. The muscle biopsy remains the definitive test. However, false-negative biopsy results are common, as the disease is typically patchy in distribution. The advent of short tau inversion recovery sequences now allows rapid magnetic resonance imaging of the whole body to be performed, enabling identification of the muscles most suitable for biopsy [more...]

Clinical Rheumatology, 01/07/08

Musculoskeletal Interventional Ultrasound
Joines MM et al. - Ultrasound is a nonionizing, low-cost, portable imaging technique for the evaluation of tendons, muscles, joints, soft tissue masses, and cysts, especially in patients unable to tolerate computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. These advantages make ultrasound an ideal modality for guiding musculoskeletal interventions. Its real-time capabilities allow continuous observation of needle placement into the targeted area and direct visualization of interventions such as injection of medication while avoiding other soft tissue structures or nearby neurovascular bundles [more...]

Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology, 01/04/08

Ultrasound Evaluation of Soft Tissue Masses and Fluid Collections
Smith SE et al. - Musculoskeletal ultrasound has utility as a first-line screening modality in the evaluation of soft tissue masses. The sonographic appearances of cysts or lipomas may be sufficient to obviate the need for further imaging. For other complex cystic or solid masses, ultrasound is an inexpensive, widely available imaging modality that can evaluate lesion vascularity, guide diagnostic and therapeutic aspiration or biopsy procedures, and be used for follow-up examinations to determine response to therapeutic interventions [more...]

Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology, 01/04/08

Cartilage Thickness: Factors Influencing Multidetector CT Measurements in a Phantom Study
Anderson AE et al. - The study revealed lower boundaries and the repeatability of simulated cartilage thickness measurements obtained by using multidetector CT arthrography and yielded data pertinent to choosing the contrast agent concentration, joint space width, scanning direction, and spatial resolution to reduce reconstruction errors [more...]

Radiology, 01/04/08

Doppler ultrasound measurements of knee joint synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with infliximab
Kasukawa R et al. - Doppler ultrasound measurements were done for the thickness of synovial effusion and synovial proliferation (pannus), and diameter of the flow signals using digital calipers as well as flow signal grades and vascular resistance in the knee joint synovitis of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treated with infliximab...After 6 weeks of treatment with infliximab, the hyperemia in the superficial layer of the pannus developed into proliferation of the cortical pannus in the knee joints [more...]

Modern Rheumatology, 01/03/08

Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis Demonstrated by Tc-99m Methylene Diphosphonate Bone Scan
Hobolth L et al. - A 12-year-old Middle Eastern girl presented with abdominal pain, weight loss, and intermittent pain in both thighs. She was initially suspected of Crohn disease, but this diagnosis was excluded after extensive gastromedical evaluation. Plain x-rays of the femora were normal, whereas the initial Tc-99m methylene diphosphonate (MDP) bone scan showed several foci with increased activity in both femurs. MR scan showed excessive periostal inflammatory and mild intramedullary changes in both femurs [more...]

Clinical Nuclear Medicine , 01/03/08

Nerve-related characteristics of ventral paratendinous tissue in chronic Achilles tendinosis
Andersson G et al. - Ultrasound and Doppler examination has shown high blood flow-neovascularisation inside and outside the ventral Achilles tendon in chronic painful tendinosis, but not in pain-free normal Achilles tendons. In patients with Achilles tendinosis, injections with the sclerosing substance polidocanol, targeting the areas with increased blood flow, have been demonstrated to give pain relief [more...]

Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, 01/03/08

Cervical CT Angiography Comparing Routine Noncontrast and a Late Venous Scan as Masks for Automated Bone Subtraction
Lell MM et al. - Bone subtraction techniques have been shown to enhance cranial computed tomography angiography (CTA)...BSCTA techniques can be successfully applied in the neck. If parenchymal phase imaging is indicated, the LVCT can be used as a bone subtraction mask and diagnostic scan, eg, for tumor imaging [more...]

Investigative Radiology, 01/02/08

Anterior Approach for Knee Arthrography
Moser T et al. - To prospectively evaluate patient tolerance and technical success of the anterior knee puncture approach for arthrography by using two different routes...The anterior approach for knee arthrography is technically successful and well tolerated, particularly when an anterolateral route is used [more...]

Radiology, 01/02/08

Ochronosis in differential diagnosis of patients with chronic backache
Capkin E et al. - A 50-year-old man presented with a complaint of low-back pain and widespread joint pain for the previous 20 years. Conventional radiography revealed wide areas of calcification in the intervertebral discs and degenerative changes in the peripheral joints. A diagnosis of ochronosis was made by the observation of bluish-brown pigmentation in the nose and ears, dark urine colors following alkalization, and high levels of homogentisic acid in the urine [more...]

Rheumatology International, 01/02/08

Arthroscopic removal of juxtaarticular osteoid osteoma of the elbow
Zupanc O et al. - A case of a 42-year-old male patient with symptomatic juxtaarticular osteoid osteoma of the capitulum humeri is presented. After the clinical diagnosis was confirmed with plain radiographs, bone scan, computer tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, the patient underwent arthroscopic removal of the lesion. A partial synoviectomy was performed first and then the center of the lesion was marked with Kirschner wire using the X-ray monitoring [more...]

Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, 01/02/08

Hip Ultrasound
Bancroft LW et al. - Sonography has been widely utilized for several decades in the diagnosis and follow-up of developmental dysplasia of the hip due to its ability to visualize the nonossified femoral head and portions of the acetabulum in neonates, dynamic capabilities, accuracy, and lack of nonionizing radiation. Furthermore, hip sonography is also used throughout parts of the world to diagnose and guide intervention for both children and adults. The hip joint, tendons, and periarticular structures can be delineated with sonography in a variety of congenital, developmental, infectious, inflammatory, arthritic, traumatic, and neoplastic disorders [more...]