September 2005 News Headlines

These are radiology news updates from other sites

Date this page was last updated: 01/07/2007 03:03:03 PM

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September 30, 2005   Radiography and US of Os Peroneum Fractures and Associated Peroneal Tendon Injuries: Initial Experience - Radiology Conclusion: Os peroneum fragment separation of 6 mm or more suggests os peroneum fracture and associated full-thickness peroneus longus tendon tear. Separation of 2 mm or less may be seen with nondisplaced os peroneum fractures and bipartite os peroneum...     September 29, 2005   MRI of Internal Impingement of the Shoulder - American Journal of Roentgenology Conclusion: As opposed to our six patients with clinically and surgically diagnosed internal impingement, the control patients had isolated pathology in the rotator cuff, labrum, or humeral head. We found that the constellation of findings of undersurface tears of the supraspinatus or infraspinatus tendon and cystic changes in the posterior aspect of the humeral head associated with posterosuperior labral pathology is a consistent finding diagnostic of internal impingement...   Method for Cortical Bone Structural Analysis From Magnetic Resonance Images - Academic Radiology Quantitative evaluation of cortical bone architecture as a means to assess bone strength typically is accomplished on the basis of images obtained by means of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) or computed tomography. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has potential advantages for this task in that it allows imaging in arbitrary scan planes at high spatial resolution... September 28, 2005   Lateral Epicondylitis of the Elbow: US Findings - Radiology Conclusion: US of the common extensor tendon had high sensitivity but low specificity in the detection of symptomatic lateral epicondylitis. The relationship between symptoms and intratendinous calcification, tendon thickening, adjacent bone irregularity, focal hypoechoic regions, and diffuse heterogeneity was statistically significant... September 27, 2005   MRI of Articular Cartilage: Revisiting Current Status and Future Directions - American Journal of Roentgenology Conclusion: Articular cartilage plays an essential role in the function of the diarthrodial joints of the body but is frequently the target of degeneration or traumatic injury. The recent development of several surgical procedures that hold the promise of forming repair tissue that is hyaline or hyalinelike cartilage has increased the need for accurate, noninvasive assessment of both native articular cartilage and postoperative repair tissue. MRI is the optimal noninvasive method for assessment of articular cartilage...       September 26, 2005   Distinction of Long Bone Stress Fractures from Pathologic Fractures on Cross-Sectional Imaging: How Successful Are We? - American Journal of Roentgenology Conclusion: MRI is useful for distinguishing pathologic from stress fractures, especially after inconclusive radiographic findings. Specifically, pathologic fractures exhibit well-defined T1 marrow alterations, endosteal scalloping, and adjacent soft-tissue abnormalities...   Characteristic appearance of large subcutaneous gouty tophi in magnetic resonance imaging - Modern Rheumatology The development of multiple large tophi in patients with gout is rare. We report magnetic resonance (MR) and histological features of large subcutaneous tophi in a 32-year-old male patient with no known arthritis. His subcutaneous lesions were confused with a neoplastic process, evaluated by MR imaging, and surgically excised after biopsy. The honeycomb-like appearance on the gadolinium-enhanced images may reflect the characteristic multilobular structure of the tophi composed of avascular urate deposits and surrounding vascularized granulation tissue... September 23, 2005   Imaging of Musculoskeletal Liposarcoma with Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation - Radiographics Liposarcoma is the second most common type of soft-tissue sarcoma, accounting for 10%-35% of these lesions. The World Health Organization has categorized soft-tissue liposarcomas into five distinct histologic subtypes: well differentiated, dedifferentiated, myxoid, pleomorphic, and mixed type. Well-differentiated liposarcomas frequently demonstrate a diagnostic appearance on computed tomographic (CT) or magnetic resonance (MR) images, with a largely lipomatous mass (>75% of the lesion) and nonlipomatous components in thick septa or focal nodules...   High-Resolution Imaging of the Spine Using Multidetector-Row Computed Tomography: Differentiation Between Benign and Malignant Vertebral Compression Fractures - Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography The extremely reliable signs of malignancy were destruction of the anterolateral and/or posterior cortex of vertebral body and destruction of the cancellous bone of the vertebral body...Conclusion: High-resolution CT can provide many useful signs for differentiating between benign and malignant vertebral compression fractures, and its diagnostic ability is sufficient for clinical use... September 22, 2005   Fortuitous Detection of Pseudoaneurysm by Three-Phase Bone Scan - Clinical Nuclear Medicine We report the diagnosis of an unsuspected pseudoaneurysm in the lower extremity when 3-phase bone scan was used to evaluate a presumed malignancy. We confirmed the diagnosis with duplex ultrasonography and angiography. Although the primary diagnostic modality for detection of pseudoaneurysm remains duplex sonography, the nuclear medicine practitioner should be vigilant for characteristic presentation of a pseudoaneurysm on a 3-phase bone scan, an area of increased radiotracer activity on blood-flow and blood-pool images that becomes a photopenic area on delayed images...     September 21, 2005   Spectrum of Imaging Findings in Hyperextension Injuries of the Neck - Radiographics Nonphysiologic hyperextension and lateral forces acting on the cervical spine and soft-tissue structures of the neck can result in a wide spectrum of injury patterns. Multiple factors (eg, patient age; the underlying morphologic features of the cervical spine; the magnitude, vector, and maximal focus of the force) all influence the observed patterns and the severity of injury...   PET/CT F-18 FDG Scan Accurately Identifies Osteoporotic Fractures in a Patient with Known Metastatic Colorectal Cancer - Clinical Nuclear Medicine Positron emissions tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scan has been used in many types of cancer to characterize the extent of disease as well as to identify the presence of metastases. However, the utility of PET/CT in patients with both cancer and osteoporosis is less well delineated. In this case, a patient with known metastatic colorectal cancer who was investigated by many forms of conventional imaging for back and pelvic pain was found to have osteoporotic fractures using PET/CT. At the same time malignant disease was excluded...   Stress Fracture of the Ulnar Styloid Protuberance - Clinical Nuclear Medicine Stress fractures of the upper extremities are uncommon but can be a serious source of morbidity if not correctly diagnosed. We present a rare case of a 49-year-old female typist, who reported a 4-month history of a pain located in the region of the left lower ulnar epiphysis and extended to the left portion of the wrist. The patient did not mention any injury. The pain was exacerbated during typing and the clinical diagnosis of tendonitis was made initially... September 20, 2005   Disorders of the Distal Biceps Brachii Tendon - Radiographics Pathologic conditions of the distal biceps brachii tendon are of clinical interest, with partial and complete tears being the most common. However, the anatomy of the distal biceps brachii tendon makes imaging of the distal tendon somewhat difficult. An innovation in patient positioning for magnetic resonance imaging of the distal biceps tendon was recently described in which the patient lies prone with the arm overhead, the elbow flexed to 90�, and the forearm supinated, so that the thumb points superiorly... September 19, 2005   Imaging of Chronic Granulomatous Disease in Children - Radiographics Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a rare immunodeficiency disorder. The inability of phagocytic cells to kill catalase-positive organisms, such as Staphylococcus and Aspergillus species, causes recurrent infections, persistent inflammation, and granuloma formation. The imaging findings in nine cases of CGD were studied. Recurrent pulmonary infection was the most common abnormality (seven cases). Its complications included pulmonary abscesses, bronchiectasis, mediastinal abscesses, osteomyelitis, sepsis, and brain abscesses...   Consecutive Bone Scintigraphy in Bilateral Hip Migratory Transient Osteoporosis - Clinical Nuclear Medicine A 34-year-old male was seen with severe right hip pain, rapidly worsening in 1 to 2 weeks, with no history of trauma. There was no fever and laboratory studies were normal. Bone scan showed markedly increased uptake in the femoral head. Magnetic resonance imaging showed bone marrow edema. The patient became asymptomatic with conservative therapy, confirmed by returning toward normal on bone scintigraphy 5 months later...     September 16, 2005   Uncommon CT Findings in Relapsing Polychondritis - American Journal of Neuroradiology Summary: Relapsing polychondritis is a rare inflammatory disorder of cartilage with well-established clinical features and imaging characteristics. Abnormal calcification and erosion of cartilaginous structures are the traditional radiographic findings. As with any disease, aberrancies of the expected clinical presentation may lead to a delayed (or missed) diagnosis...   Tear of the distal biceps branchii tendon: A new method of ultrasound evaluation - Australasian Radiology Tear of the distal biceps brachii tendon is an uncommon injury. Ultrasound evaluation of the distal tendon using an anterior approach is often difficult because of technical factors. We describe a new method of ultrasound evaluation of the distal biceps tendon insertion. This involves a posterior approach with the forearm pronated...   Bone Scintigraphy in Common Tumors With Osteolytic Components - Clinical Nuclear Medicine Osteolytic lesions are frequently encountered in clinical practice. Radionuclide bone scans with technetium-99m-labeled diphosphonates are often performed in the evaluation of both solitary and multiple osteolytic lesions. In this pictorial review, we critically evaluate the current role of bone scan in common osteolytic tumors including aneurysmal bone cyst, simple bone cyst, fibrous dysplasia, nonossifying fibroma... September 15, 2005   Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome: Evaluation with CT Angiography - Radiographics In some patients, the ligamentous constriction of the celiac axis causes vascular damage, which may require vascular reconstruction. CT angiography can play a role in the diagnosis of median arcuate ligament syndrome by demonstrating the characteristic focal narrowing of the celiac artery in patients presenting with the appropriate clinical symptoms... September 14, 2005   Fractures of the Calcaneus: A Review with Emphasis on CT - Radiographics The calcaneus is the most commonly fractured tarsal bone and accounts for about 2% of all fractures. Advances in cross-sectional imaging, particularly in computed tomography (CT), have given this modality an important role in identifying and characterizing calcaneal fractures. Fracture characterization is essential to guide the management of these injuries... September 13, 2005   Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings of Chronic Lateral Ankle Instability - Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology The ankle inversion injury is one of the most common types of injury that is encountered in athletes and active individuals. There are a wide variety of acute injuries associated with ankle inversion, including peroneal tendon tears, osteochondritis dessicans of the talus, anterior talofibular ligament avulsion, peroneal retinaculum avulsion, and calcaneofibular ligament tears...     September 12, 2005   Considerations in measuring cartilage thickness using MRI: factors influencing reproducibility and accuracy - Osteoarthritis and Cartilage A rule-based approach can substantially increase inter-observer reproducibility when measuring cartilage thickness from multiple observers. This improvement in inter-observer reproducibility could be an important consideration for longitudinal studies of disease progression. In quantifying cartilage thickness, central and weight bearing regions on each condyle can provide more accurate measurement than boundary and non-weight bearing regions with average accuracy of ±0.2-0.3 mm.... September 09, 2005   The Flexor Hallucis Longus: Tenographic Technique and Correlation of Imaging Findings with Surgery in 39 Ankles - Radiology Conclusion: Tenography of the FHL sheath produced diagnostic images in almost all patients and effectively demonstrated abnormalities of the tendon sheath. Pain relief with anesthetic injection helped confirm the FHL sheath as the pain generator... September 07, 2005   Acute Peripheral Joint Injury: Cost and Effectiveness of Low-Field-Strength MR Imaging-Results of Randomized Controlled Trial - Radiology Conclusion: Compared with radiography, MR imaging in patients with acute wrist or ankle injuries is neither cost saving nor effective in expediting diagnostic work-up or improving quality of life. In patients with knee injuries, a short MR imaging examination shortens the time to completion of diagnostic work-up, reduces the number of additional diagnostic procedures, improves quality of life in the first 6 weeks, and may reduce costs associated with lost productivity...     September 02, 2005   Ultrasound scan for the diagnosis of interdigital neuroma - Foot and Ankle Surgery The sensitivity of ultrasound scan in the diagnosis of IDN was 98% and its specificity was 95%. The most common anatomical site was the third interspace (80%). There were a higher proportion of females diagnosed with this condition. Ultrasound appears to be an accurate and effective technique in diagnosing and localizing an IDN when applied as an adjunct to clinical symptoms and signs in cases of metatarsalgia...   Radiographic and Computed Tomography Analysis of Cemented Pegged Polyethylene Glenoid Components in Total Shoulder Replacement - Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery Conclusions: Computed tomography provided a more sensitive and reproducible tool for the assessment of loosening of pegged glenoid components than did fluoroscopically guided conventional radiography. Further improvement in implant design and fixation technique appears to be necessary for long-term success of cemented glenoid components... September 01, 2005   Patellar Fractures After Total Knee Replacement - American Journal of Roentgenology he objective of our study was to describe the patterns of patellar fracture after total knee replacement and assess their clinical significance...Conclusion: Patellar fractures are an uncommon, but important, complication after total knee replacement. Radiologists should be familiar with the imaging features of these fractures and their clinical significance...   Ultrasonography of the Calcaneus in Sever's Disease - Indian Pediatrics Sever's disease (calcaneal apophysitis) is a self-limiting condition seen in physically active children. Although there is controversy about the radiographic appearance, some reports propose the importance of fragmentation of the secondary nucleus in the diagnosis of Sever's disease. We studied secondary nucleus of the calcaneus with ultrasonography...   Missed diagnosis fracture of the proximal fifth metatarsus-the role of ultrasound - Foot and Ankle Surgery Fractures of the proximal fifth metatarsus are common injuries of the foot, but sometimes remains undiagnosed. The aim of this study was to determine whether sonography can diagnose radiographically missed fifth metatarsal fractures...We found that ultrasound is very efficient and accurate tool in the diagnosis of occult fractures of proximal fifth metatarsus...