August 04 News Headlines

These are radiology news updates from other sites

Date this page was last updated: 01/07/2007 03:02:50 PM

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August 30, 2004   Fat fractions and spectral T2 values in vertebral bone marrow in HIV- and non-HIV-infected men: A 1H spectroscopic imaging study - Magnetic Resonance in Medicine Fat fractions and spectral T2 values of fat and water within the vertebral marrow of non-HIV- and HIV-infected men were measured with the use of a Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) line scan spectroscopic imaging sequence. The fat fraction for the HIV-infected men (0.29 ± 0.08) was significantly lower (P < 0.05, Student's unpaired t-test) than the fat fraction found in non-HIV-infected men ...

August 27, 2004   Bull Rider's Myositis - Clinical Nuclear Medicine A 21-year-old man was evaluated for acute hip pain with skeletal scintigraphy to exclude femoral neck stress fracture. The bone scan revealed extraosseous tracer uptake in the adductor muscles of the thighs bilaterally. History revealed multiple episodes of mechanical bull riding within the previous week ...   The Deep Infrapatellar Bursa: Prevalence and Morphology on Routine Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Knee - Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography To evaluate the presence, location, and dimensions of the deep infrapatellar bursa on routine magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the knee...Conclusion: An awareness of the dimensions and location of the deep infrapatellar bursa is important in distinguishing it from pathologic lesions (eg, bursitis) ... August 26, 2004   Contrast-enhanced MRI of the menisci of the knee using ultrashort echo time (UTE) pulse sequences: imaging of the red and white zones - British Journal of Radiology The objective of this study was to demonstrate the red and white zones of the meniscus of the knee using MRI. Ultrashort echo time (UTE) pulse sequences with an initial TE of 0.08 ms and later echoes at 5.95 ms, 11.08 ms and 17.70 ms were used to image the meniscus of the knee in two normal subjects before and after intravenous administration of gadodiamide. Difference images were formed by subtraction of later echo images from the first. The difference images showed obvious enhancement in an area consistent in location and dimensions with the red zone of the meniscus... August 25, 2004   T2 Relaxation Time of Cartilage at MR Imaging: Comparison with Severity of Knee Osteoarthritis - Radiology To evaluate differences in T2 values in femoral and tibial cartilage at magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in patients with varying degrees of osteoarthritis (OA) compared with healthy subjects and to develop a mapping and display method based on calculation of T2 z scores for visual grading and assessment of cartilage heterogeneity in patients with OA...Conclusion: Femoral and medial tibial cartilage T2 values increase with the severity of OA...

August 24, 2004   Evaluation of a 3-Hour Indium-111 Leukocyte Image as a Surrogate for a Technetium-99m Nanocolloid Marrow Scan in the Diagnosis of Orthopedic Infection - Clinical Nuclear Medicine This is a retrospective study to evaluate a 3-hour In-111-labeled leukocyte image as a surrogate for a Tc-99m nanocolloid marrow scan in the investigation of suspected orthopedic infection using In-111 leukocyte scintigraphy...Conclusions: A 3-hour image is helpful using In-111-labeled leukocyte scintigraphy...   Tuberculosis of Calcaneus: Assessing Treatment Response by Tc-99m MDP Scintigraphy - Clinical Nuclear Medicine Tuberculosis of the calcaneus is a rare entity. Its incidence is reported to be nearly 1% to 2% of all cases of osteoarticular tuberculosis. Because of the low index of suspicion, it is usually diagnosed late. It occurs mostly as a result of hematogenous spread from a primary focus elsewhere in the body. We present a case of a swelling and discharging sinus of the heel in a young adult male...   Sonoanatomy of the Achilles tendon insertion in children - Journal of Clinical Ultrasound Conclusions: High-frequency sonography can yield reliable information about the bone-cartilage interface and the Achilles tendon insertion site at the calcaneal tuberosity in children. The sonographic features of the normal heel described here may contribute to improved assessment of pathologies in this anatomic region ... August 23, 2004   Bone Imaging in "Giant" Giant Cell Tumor - Clinical Nuclear Medicine A 54-year-old man was found to have a giant cell tumor of the right femur 30 years ago. The tumor was treated by excision and radiotherapy. Local and iliac involvement occurred later and the disease remained static after chemotherapy. 3-phase Tc-99m bone scintigraphy, done for possible recurrence in a small right-thigh mass, showed a huge mass in the right iliac and right femoral region...

August 20, 2004   The Saddle Sign: Bilateral Thigh Adductor Compartment Uptake of Tc-99m MDP - Clinical Nuclear Medicine Radionuclide imaging of a 55-year-old woman is presented showing symmetric Tc-99m MDP activity in the soft tissues of the medial aspects of the thighs. The underlying pathologic mechanism resulting in abnormal Tc-99m MDP retention in this case is likely to be muscle injury resulting from vigorous horseback riding...   Massive Bladder Diverticuli Demonstrated on Skeletal Scintigraphy - Clinical Nuclear Medicine Bladder diverticuli are a common and incidental finding on skeletal scintigraphy. It is important to recognize them to differentiate sinister pathology and avoid unnecessary investigations. A 60-year-old man presented with back pain and abdominal swelling, and a bone scan revealed massive bladder diverticuli... August 19, 2004   The Fat Pad Sign Following Elbow Trauma in Adults: Its Usefulness and Reliability in Suspecting Occult Fracture - Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography Conclusion: Our data using MR imaging suggests that fat pad elevation in the presence of recent trauma is frequently associated with a fracture. The size of the effusion, anterior/posterior fat pad elevation, or a combination of both does not correspond to the likelihood of an underlying fracture. MR imaging reveals a broad spectrum of bone and soft tissue injury beyond that recognizable on plain radiographs as demonstrated by all patients in this study...   Fractional Quantitative Computed Tomography for Bone Mineral Density Evaluation: Accuracy, Precision, and Comparison to Quantitative Computed Tomography - Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography To evaluate bone mineral density considering its distribution, fractional quantitative computed tomography (fQCT) was designed and verified...Conclusion: Fractional quantitative computed tomography was designed and verified as a reliable method to measure bone mineral density... August 18, 2004   Trabecular Bone Structure of the Distal Radius, the Calcaneus, and the Spine: Which Site Predicts Fracture Status of the Spine Best? - Investigative Radiology To compare trabecular bone structure measures obtained in magnetic resonance images of the distal radius and the calcaneus as well as computed tomographic images of the spine versus bone mineral density (BMD) of the spine and the calcaneus in the prediction of osteoporotic spine fracture status...Conclusion: In this study structure parameters in the spine were best suited to predict the osteoporotic fracture status of the spine...

August 17, 2004   Musculoskeletal Colloquialisms: How Did We Come Up with These Names? - Radiographics Eponyms and colloquial terms are labels that provide two kinds of information: the pattern of a complex injury or pathologic problem and, in the case of an eponym, the name of an individual who has been closely identified with the pathologic problem. Such terms remind us that the medicine of today is not entirely the work of our contemporaries. The article illustrates many of the common colloquial terms applied to fractures and musculoskeletal injuries seen in everyday practice.... August 16, 2004   Bone Scan Findings in Idiopathic Hyperphosphatasia - Clinical Nuclear Medicine Hyperphosphatasia is a rare genetic disorder characterized by failure to transform woven bone into lamellar bone. A 12-year-old girl with the complaint of right humeral pain was referred for a bone scan with a suspicion of a right humeral bone cyst with respect to the radiographic examination. Bone scan revealed increased uptake in the right humerus at the site of the radiographic abnormality... August 13, 2004   Value of Multiplanar Reformations (MPR) in Multidetector CT (MDCT) of Acute Vertebral Fractures: Do We Still Have to Read the Transverse Images? - Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography Conclusion: Reading of MPRs alone is a feasible approach for correct assessment of vertebral fractures and classifying them into stable/unstable, if MPRs are done properly. Transverse images must be analyzed in complex fractures or uncertain findings...   Primary hydatid cyst in the anterior thigh: Sonographic findings - Journal of Clinical Ultrasound Hydatid cysts rarely involve the musculoskeletal system. We present the case of a 23-year-old man with a primary hydatid cyst between the femur and the quadriceps muscle in his left thigh. No cysts were located in the adjacent femur or quadriceps muscle. Cyst resection with sparing of the surrounding muscles, combined with anthelmintic therapy, was curative. In regions where hydatidosis is endemic, hydatid cysts should be included in the differential diagnosis of any unusual soft-tissue swelling...   Radionuclide bone scintigraphy in patients with biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy: when is it indicated? - BJU International Bone scintigraphy is a sensitive diagnostic tool for detecting prostate cancer metastases to bone. A bone scan in patients with a serum PSA of <7 ng/mL on biochemical recurrence after RRP is unlikely to be positive, whereas a PSA of >=20 ng/mL is...

August 10, 2004   Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the sarcopenic muscle - BMC Medical Imaging Conclusion The reported finding suggests that there is a modification of the microcirculatory function in skeletal muscle of aged rats. This work also demonstrates that CE-MRI allows for an in vivo quantification of the multiple biological processes involving the skeletal muscle during aging. Therefore, CE-MRI could represent a further tool for the follow up of tissue modification and therapeutic intervention both in patients with sarcopenia and in experimental models of this pathology ...   Color Doppler imaging of cervicocephalic fibromuscular dysplasia - BMC Medical Imaging Conclusions: CDI may be used for detection of cervicocephalic FMD. Due to the unfavourable localisation of FMD for CDI, the sensitivity of CDI is lower in comparison to angiography. However, high-grade FMD stenoses that require invasive treatment can be recognized on the basis of indirect hemodynamic criteria ... August 09, 2004   Imaging of wrist masses - Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology The wrist is a complex structure with an extensive differential diagnosis for a presenting mass. However, the vast majority of hand and wrist masses are benign, and many of these have a distinctive radiographic appearance. In this article, the imaging characteristics of the most common entities are reviewed with particular attention to magnetic resonance appearance. The 3 most common hand and wrist lesions include ganglion cysts, giant cell tumors of the tendon sheath, and hemangiomas...   Polyostotic giant enostoses with strongly positive radionuclide bone scan - Annals of Diagnostic Pathology For nearly three quarters of a century bone islands (enostoses) were considered scintigraphically inactive, hence, easily differentiated radiologically from clinically more significant primary or metastatic intraosseous lesions. However, enostoses clinical significance has changed considerably since the first report of a case with increased radioactive uptake on bone scan in 1976. Consequently, any radiotracer-positive skeletal lesion, regardless of radiographic appearance and clinical presentation, is now generally viewed with some caution. A 23-year-old woman presented with polyostotic enostoses discovered incidentally during pelvic radiographic examination...

August 06, 2004   A new marker for osteoarthritis - The Internet Medical Journal Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common, crippling age-related disease characterized by the gradual destruction of cartilage cushioning the joints. To assess cartilage erosion, doctors routinely rely on measurement of the joint space width using radiographs. To be visible on an X-ray film, however, significant cartilage degradation must have already occurred. By the time radiographs reveal destruction, the damage to the joint is usually irreversible. Due to this method's relatively insensitive nature, it also takes at least a year or two to detect progression of damage that has been captured on radiographs... August 05, 2004   Contribution of oxygenation to BOLD contrast in exercising muscle - Magnetic Resonance in Medicine The potential physiological and therapeutic applications of functional MRI (fMRI) in skeletal muscle will depend on our ability to identify factors that may contribute to fluctuations in the BOLD signal. Until now, interpretations of signal changes in fMRI studies of muscle have mostly relied on the increase in muscle T2 associated with osmotically driven fluid shifts...   Characterization of Bone and Soft-Tissue Tumors with in Vivo 1H MR Spectroscopy: Initial Results - Radiology Conclusion: Choline can be reliably detected in large malignant bone and soft-tissue tumors by using a multiecho point-resolved spectroscopic protocol. 1H MR spectroscopy can help differentiate malignant from benign musculoskeletal tumors by revealing the presence or absence of water-soluble choline metabolites... August 04, 2004   Color Doppler imaging of cervicocephalic fibromuscular dysplasia - BMC Cardiovascular Disorders CDI may be used for detection of cervicocephalic FMD. Due to the unfavourable localisation of FMD for CDI, the sensitivity of CDI is lower in comparison to angiography. However, high-grade FMD stenoses that require invasive treatment can be recognized on the basis of indirect hemodynamic criteria... August 03, 2004   Imaging of upper cervical spine injuries Part III: C2 below the dens - Applied Radiology This is the third in a series of pictorial essays that detail radiography and computed tomography of upper cervical spine injuries. These articles are designed to illustrate a wide array of spinal injuries. This final article presents fractures of the C2 neural arch, body, and lateral mass. ...