November 30, 2006

MRI Findings of Femoroacetabular Impingement
American Journal of Roentgenology
Steven L. J. James, et al. - Conclusion: MRI provides a useful assessment of patients in whom a femoroacetabular impingement is clinically suspected. A high-resolution, nonarthrographic technique can provide preoperative information regarding the presence and anatomic site of labral and cartilage abnormalities...

Vertebral Morphometry: Semiautomatic Determination of Detailed Shape From Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry Images Using Active Appearance Models
Investigative Radiology
Roberts, Martin MA, et al. - Conclusion: Vertebral morphometry measurements may be substantially automated even on noisy data with multiple fractures present. The shape and appearance parameters of the models could provide more powerful quantitative classifiers of osteoporotic vertebral fracture...

November 29, 2006

Characteristics of Skeletal Stress Fractures in Female Military Recruits of the Israel Defense Forces on Bone Scintigraphy
Clinical Nuclear Medicine
Hod, Nir MD, et al. - Conclusions: This study shows that lower leg SF are not uncommon in female military recruits. We clearly distinguished between SF and shin splints, which have important clinical consequences on treatment. Most of the SF were mild (grade I and II) located in the feet and tibiae. This study supports the experience gained in other studies, and emphasizes the significant number of pubic and sacroiliac SF in female soldiers, which is significantly higher in comparison with previous reports on male soldiers...

Bilateral Paget Disease of the Calcaneus Diagnosed by Conventional Bone Scintigraphy
Clinical Nuclear Medicine
Duch, Joan MD, et al. - An 85-year-old woman who had an invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast and elevated alkaline phosphatases (420 U/L) was referred for Tc-99m MDP bone scintigraphy for initial evaluation of skeletal metastases. Bone symptoms were limited to chronic pain in both knees. A bone scan revealed pagetoid findings in both calcanei. Feet and toes on plain x-rays of the calcaneus were unremarkable. Findings were stable in the 2-year follow up, excluding other potential diagnosis as extensive metastases or stress fractures...

November 28, 2006

The Effect of Lumbar Flexion and Extension on Disc Contour Abnormality Measured Quantitatively on Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Spine
Parent, Eric C. PT, PhD, et al. - Conclusion: Spine position should be standardized when assessing disc contour abnormality with MRI. The largest measured disc contour abnormalities when lying supine in a standard MR scanner are observed in the neutral position, as opposed to flexion or extension...

Sonography and MRI of Rectus Abdominis Muscle Strain in Elite Tennis Players
American Journal of Roentgenology
David Connell, et al. - Conclusion: Asymmetrical hypertrophy of the recti is seen in elite tennis players. The muscle belly hypertrophies on the side opposite the dominant arm and is subject to muscle tears of its deep fibers below the umbilicus. Imaging can be used to show these injuries...

Intensity of Signal Contacting Meniscal Surface in Recurrent Tears on MR Arthrography Compared with That of Contrast Material
American Journal of Roentgenology
Arthur A. De Smet, et al. - Several previous studies reported that the signal contacting the meniscal surface in a recurrent tear on MR arthrography had intensity equal to that of intraarticular contrast material...Conclusion: On knee MR arthrograms, the signal contacting the surface of a recurrent meniscal tear may be equal to or less than that of adjacent intraarticular gadolinium contrast material...

MRI of bone marrow oedema associated with focal bone lesions
Clinical Radiology
S.L.J. James, et al. - Conclusion: Bone marrow oedema may be associated with a wide range of focal bony lesions, including malignant, benign and non-neoplastic causes. As the volume of bone marrow oedema increases relative to the size of the underlying lesion, the probability that the underlying lesion is benign is increased...

An unusual meniscal finding on magnetic resonance imaging
Radiography
W.M. Bailey, et al. - A 13-year-old male with a previous one-month history of a 'locking' painful knee underwent an MR investigation of his knee. The MR findings showed a discoid meniscus with a meniscal tear, which at arthroscopy proved to be an unusual Wrisberg III variant. The morphology of discoid meniscus is defined including the Wrisberg III variant. The MR factors are discussed including optimum planes and sequences used by MRI to investigate meniscal pathologies including tears...

"Crystal Clear" ? Sonographic Assessment of Gout and Calcium Pyrophosphate Deposition Disease
Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism
W. Grassi MD, et al. - Conclusion: US is an impressive imaging modality in crystalline arthropathy. The anatomical location of the crystal deposits, clearly depictable by US, allows differentiation between MSU and CPPD aggregates...

November 27, 2006

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Assessment of Craniovertebral Ligaments and Membranes After Whiplash Trauma
Spine
Krakenes, Jostein MD, PhD, et al. - Conclusion: Whiplash trauma can damage soft tissue structures of the upper cervical spine, particularly the alar ligaments. Structural lesions in this area contribute to the understanding of the chronic whiplash syndrome...

An International Survey of Hospital Practice in the Imaging of Acute Scaphoid Trauma
American Journal of Roentgenology
Ashley M. Groves, et al. - Conclusion: The survey reveals marked inconsistency in the imaging of acute scaphoid injury. Although other factors may have played a role, limited scientific evidence regarding the ideal imaging in acute scaphoid trauma may be the root of this inconsistency...

Vertebral Marrow Fat Content and Diffusion and Perfusion Indexes in Women with Varying Bone Density: MR Evaluation
Radiology
James F. Griffith, FRCR, et al. - Conclusion: The subjects experienced a decrease in vertebral marrow maximum enhancement and enhancement slope and an increase in marrow fat content as bone density decreased. The reduction in perfusion indexes occurred only within the vertebral body and not in the paravertebral tissues supplied by the same artery...

Intra-articular fibrous band of the ankle: An uncommon cause of post-traumatic ankle pain
Australasian Radiology
Slavotinek, et al. - A case of an intra-articular fibrous band of the ankle is presented with emphasis on the MR imaging appearances. This entity is an important but uncommon cause of post-traumatic ankle pain and is well recognized within the arthroscopy literature, but there is little if any documentation of this condition in the imaging literature...

Intervertebral disc biomechanical analysis using the finite element modeling based on medical images
Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics
Haiyun Li, et al. - In this paper, a 3D geometric model of the intervertebral and lumbar disks has been presented, which integrated the spine CT and MRI data-based anatomical structure. Based on the geometric model, a 3D finite element model of an L1?L2 segment was created...The FEM provides a promising tool in clinical diagnosis and for optimizing individual therapy in the intervertebral disc herniation...

Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip: Quality of Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy for US
Radiology
Andreas Roposch, MD, MSc, et al. - To systematically review the quality of diagnostic accuracy reporting in studies on the use of ultrasonography (US) for the diagnosis of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH)...Conclusion: Overall, there was imperfect reporting of diagnostic accuracy in studies on the use of US for diagnosis of DDH...

November 22, 2006

Use of Computed Tomography to Predict Failure of Nonoperative Treatment of Unilateral Facet Fractures of the Cervical Spine
Spine
Spector, Leo R. MD, et al. - Conclusion: The only significant risk factors identified for failure of nonoperative treatment were craniocaudal height of the fracture fragment and relative height of the fracture fragment expressed as a percentage of the intact lateral mass. This study suggests that patients with unilateral cervical facet fractures involving >40% of the absolute height of the intact lateral mass or an absolute height >1 cm are at increased risk for failure of nonoperative treatment...

A Novel Approach to Flexor Hallucis Longus Tenography
American Journal of Roentgenology
Michael S. Gelbart, et al. - Conclusion: Tenography is used to evaluate and treat tenosynovitis. Standard FHL tenography protocol involves either direct percutaneous access of the FHL synovial sheath posterior to the medial malleolus or indirect filling of the FHL sheath from an injection of the flexor digitorum longus (FDL) tendon sheath, which often communicates with the FHL tendon sheath. However, with these methods, difficulty entering the FHL sheath may be encountered...

Contrast-Enhanced Musculoskeletal MR Imaging
Applied Radiology
6 CME Credits covering topics such as MR arthrography, Indirect MR arthrography, MR imaging of glenoid cartilage lesions, Use of contrast in MRI of musculoskeletal neoplasms, Enhanced MR imaging in musculoskeletal infection, Enhanced MR imaging of arthritis, and The use of contrast agents in MR imaging of the spine...
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MRI of the Sacroiliac Joints in Patients with Moderate to Severe Ankylosing Spondylitis
American Journal of Roentgenology
Miriam A. Bredella, et al. - Conclusion: Contrast-enhanced MRI of the sacroiliac joint is sensitive in depicting sacroiliitis in patients with established ankylosing spondylitis. Subchondral edema and enhancement correlate with high CRP levels. Subchondral fatty bone marrow changes were seen in both active and chronic sacroiliitis and are correlated with higher radiographic scores; these changes may be a marker of more advanced disease

November 21, 2006

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Identifies Features in Clinically Unaffected Knees Predicting Extension of Arthritis in Children with Monoarthritis
Journal of Rheumatology
Janet M. Gardner-Medwin, et al. - Conclusion: MRI distinguished between patients with a persistent monoarthritis and those who developed further clinical arthritis up to 1 year later. The results suggest a widespread inflammatory process may exist in children whose arthritis extends, and this has implications for our understanding of disease and the design and timing of therapeutic interventions...

Computed Tomography Evaluation of Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis in Asymptomatic Patients
Spine
Belfi, Lily M. MD, et al. - Conclusions: This study demonstrates a 5.7% prevalence of spondylolysis and a 3.1% prevalence of spondylolisthesis in patients undergoing CT scans of the abdomen and pelvis for unrelated reasons, corresponding to the rate of spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis detected in prospective plain radiographic studies. We observed a 1.2% incidence of unilateral spondylolysis, and approximately 67% of these demonstrated contralateral sclerosis...

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Craniocervical Junction at 3-T: Observation of the Accessory Atlantoaxial Ligaments
Neurosurgery
Yuksel, Murvet M.D., et al. - Conclusion: The accessory atlantoaxial ligament can be visualized using high-resolution MRI scans at 3-T. The ligament was most consistent and robust at C1-C2. The ligament may, therefore, contribute to rotational stability at this level. Future studies will determine the biomechanical importance of this ligament, especially in the setting of trauma...

Sensitivity and Specificity in Detection of Labral Tears with 3.0-T MRI of the Shoulder
American Journal of Roentgenology
Thomas H. Magee, et al. - MRI of the shoulder has been found to be sensitive and specific for detection of labral tears at 1.5 T or lower field strength compared with arthroscopy, whereas 3.0-T MRI of the shoulder has not been specifically assessed...Conclusion: MRI of the shoulder at 3.0 T is very sensitive and specific compared with arthroscopy in detection of superior, anterior, and posterior labral tears...

November 20, 2006

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Lumbar Spine: Findings in Female Subjects From Administrative and Nursing Professions
Spine
Schenk, Peter PhD, et al. - Cross-sectional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study...Conclusions: These findings give evidence that in subjects performing nonheavy work, patterns of lumbar disc degeneration are not associated with the job type and characteristic physical loadings...

Nuclear medicine of the painful joint replacement
Applied Radiology
Christopher J. Palestro, MD, et al. - While many joint replacement complications are easily diagnosed, aseptic loosening and infection can be difficult to differentiate, since they are clinically and histopathologically similar. The authors review the clinical aspects of prosthetic joint failure, the appearances of aseptic loosening and infection on a variety of radionuclide imaging studies, and the advantages and disadvantages of these procedures...
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Heterotopic ossification of the knee joint in intensive care unit patients: early diagnosis with magnetic resonance imaging
BMC Medical Imaging
Maria I Argyropoulou, et al. - Heterotopic ossification (HO) is the formation of bone in soft tissues...Conclusion: MRI of the knee performed on clinical suspicion shows a distinct imaging pattern confirming the diagnosis of HO earlier than other methods. MRI diagnosis may have implications for early intervention in the development of HO...

November 17, 2006

Technical factors in fractal analysis of periapical radiographs
Dentomaxillofacial Radiology
L Jolley, et al. - Fractal analysis quantifies complex geometric structures by generating a fractal dimension, which can measure trabecular bone density...Conclusions: This study indicates that non-standardized periapical radiographs may provide a reliable method for determining fractal dimensions, which could be useful in analysing changes in alveolar bone density in various bone disorders...

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Is More Sensitive Than Radiographs in Detecting Change in Size of Erosions in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Journal of Rheumatology
Timothy S. Chen, et al. - Conclusion: We showed that high-resolution in-office MRI with an average followup of 8 months detects changes in bony disease in 50% of compliant patients during aggressive treatment for inflammatory arthritis in a single rheumatologist's office practice. Plain radiography is insensitive for detecting changes in bone erosions for this patient population in this time frame

November 16, 2006

Patient and Staff Dosimetry in Vertebroplasty
Spine
Fitousi, Niki T. MSc, et al. - Conclusions: Measures have to be taken to reduce patient's skin dose, which, in extreme cases, may be close to deterministic effects threshold. The highest dose rates, recorded during the procedure, were found for primary operator's hands and chest when no shielding was used...

November 15, 2006

The "Pirate Sign" in Fibrous Dysplasia
Clinical Nuclear Medicine
Singnurkar, Amit MD, et al. - Fibrous dysplasia commonly involves the skull in both its monostotic and polyostotic variants. We present two cases of fibrous dysplasia involving the sphenoid wing, which were strikingly similar in their bone scan appearance...

Measurement of Tumor Blood Flow Using Dynamic Contrast-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Deconvolution Analysis: A Preliminary Study in Musculoskeletal Tumors
Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography
Sugawara, Yoshifumi MD, et al. - The objective is to measure tumor blood flow (TBF) using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI)...Conclusions: A functional map of TBF generated by DCE-MRI and deconvolution analysis would be a promising tool for evaluating tumor blood flow in vivo ...

November 13, 2006

Positron emission tomography in musculoskeletal sarcomas
Current Opinion in Orthopedics
Hawkins, Douglas S - [18F]Fluorodeoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography evaluation may refine the preoperative characterization of musculoskeletal sarcomas, and improve disease staging, assessment of response to neoadjuvant therapy and detection of recurrence. Further prospective studies are necessary to determine the optimal utilization of [18F]fluorodeoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography...

Power Doppler sonography monitoring of synovial perfusion at the wrist joints in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with adalimumab
Annals of Rheumatic Diseases
E Filippucci, et al. - Conclusion: PDS detected a rapid and significant reduction in synovial perfusion at the wrist joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving adalimumab. Ongoing follow-up will provide further information regarding the persistence of considerable reduction in PDS signal score and its correlation with DAS28...

November 10, 2006

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Resulting from Hydroxyapatite Deposition
Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology
Richard E. Duey MDa, et al. - Hydroxyapatite deposition disease (HADD) is a rare cause of carpal tunnel syndrome. This is a case report of a 55-year-old male who presented with symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome and was subsequently found to have HADD. The diagnosis of HADD is made by the identification of poorly defined cloudy calcifications on radiography of the hand and wrist. Management is usually with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, but if the pain is refractory, more invasive methods are utilized...

Acute osteomyelitis, septic arthritis and discitis: Differences between neonates and older children
European Journal of Radiology
A.C. Offiah, et al. - There are aetiological, clinical, radiological and therapeutic differences between musculoskeletal infection in the neonate (and infant) and in older children and adults...This review article discusses the important clinical and radiological differences that in the past have led many authors to consider neonatal osteomyelitis a separate entity from osteomyelitis in the older child...

Are the criteria of Tabar and Dean still relevant to radial scar?
European Journal of Radiology
Véronique Boutéa, et al. - The classical criteria are not completely reliable and are observed only in half of our stellate images, whereas microcalcifications are often present but are not predictive of an associated malignancy...

November 9, 2006

Evaluation of three different measurement methods for dural ectasia in Marfan syndrome
Clinical Radiology
E. Weigang, et al. - Our results reveal overt discrepancy between the three methods of assessing dural ectasia. Considering the key role played by dural ectasia in reinforcing the diagnosis of Marfan syndrome according to the Ghent nosology, a standardized and reliable method should be sought...

November 2, 2006

Spinal Tuberculosis: A Longitudinal Study with Clinical, Laboratory, and Imaging Outcomes
Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism
Laurence Le Page MD, et al. - Conclusions: Significant imaging abnormalities can persist after successful treatment of ST. These findings suggest that MRI need not be repeated in patients with clinical and laboratory improvement...

Painful Metastases Involving Bone: Percutaneous Image-guided Cryoablation-Prospective Trial Interim Analysis
Radiology
Matthew R. Callstrom, MD, PhD, et al. - The objective is to prospectively determine the safety and effectiveness of percutaneous cryoablation for the reduction of pain, improvement in the activities of daily life, and reduction in the use of analgesic medications for patients with painful metastatic lesions involving bone...